{"id":5771,"date":"2023-09-25T11:04:44","date_gmt":"2023-09-25T11:04:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/uncategorized-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus"},"modified":"2023-09-25T13:12:37","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T13:12:37","slug":"hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","title":{"rendered":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Y broblem sylfaenol gyda HS2 yw bod ei gostau cyfalaf y tu hwnt i reolaeth. Mae’r Prif Weinidog a’r Canghellor yn pwyso tuag at y farn, os na allwch fforddio’r twll, roi’r gorau i gloddio.<\/p>\n

Mae’n ymddangos bod costau Seilwaith eithriadol o uchel yn broblem arbennig o Brydeinig. Mae Britain Remade – gr\u0175p ymgyrchu o blaid twf – wedi cyhoeddi dadansoddiad sy’n cymharu costau Prydain \u00e2 chynlluniau eraill ar draws y byd. Hyd yn oed caniat\u00e1u ar gyfer anawsterau cymharu afalau ag orennau, mae’r canlyniadau’n eithaf syfrdanol nid yn unig ar gyfer HS2 ond ar gyfer pob categori o brosiect.<\/p>\n

Felly, mae Ffrainc wedi adeiladu 21 o systemau tram modern yn ystod y 25 mlynedd diwethaf, gan gynnwys mewn dinasoedd cymharol fach fel Avignon a Besancon; ym Mhrydain dim ond llond llaw sydd gennym, a hynny dros ddwywaith y gost y filltir. Mae sgandal yn cael ei thrywanu ar sgandal: fe wnaeth hyd yn oed yr ymchwiliad i’r gyllideb aruthrol dros y gyllideb a cham cyntaf hwyr tram Caeredin gostio \u00a313 miliwn!<\/p>\n

Mae High Speed 2 ei hun bellach yn wynebu gobaith gwirioneddol o dorri ymhellach. Y senario Doomsday yw ei fod yn dod yn wennol o bwynt i bwynt chwerthinllyd rhwng Old Oak Common a Curzon Street yn Birmingham, a fyddai ar y mwyaf yn cynnal tri thr\u00ean yr awr. Fodd bynnag, oni bai ein bod ni’n byw mewn byd hollol wallgof \u2013 posibilrwydd sydd, yn anffodus, ddim yn gallu cael ei ddiystyru’n llwyr \u2013 mae’n debyg y bydd yn cael ei gwblhau o leiaf cyn belled \u00e2 Chyffordd Handsacre, lle mae’n ailymuno \u00e2 phrif linell Arfordir y Gorllewin ychydig i’r gogledd o Lichfield. Byddai hyn o leiaf yn caniat\u00e1u i rai gwasanaethau cyflym gael eu gweithredu o Lundain i Fanceinion, Lerpwl a Glasgow, gan ddarparu rhai buddion i’r Gogledd Orllewin a Glasgow.<\/p>\n

Fodd bynnag, bydd capasiti’r llwybr yn cael ei gyfyngu’n ddifrifol oherwydd y cyfyngiadau yn Old Oak Common. Roedd Euston i fod wedi cael mwy o blatfformau, yn cael eu gweithredu fel dau gr\u0175p gyda dull gradd wedi’i wahanu, felly byddai wedi bod yn bosibl gweithredu un ar bymtheg o drenau yr awr i bob cyfeiriad; Roedd HS2Cyf wedi hawlio deunaw tr\u00ean yr awr ond mae’n debyg na ellir cyflawni gweithredu ar y lefel honno. Ar y llaw arall, mae gallu Old Oak Common yn llawer is gan mai dim ond chwe llwyfan fydd heb wahanu gradd ar y dull. Yn realistig, bydd hyn yn cyfyngu ar gapasiti’r llwybr i chwe thr\u00ean yr awr – wyth o bosibl – er pe baem yn gallu efelychu safonau gweithredu Japaneaidd gallem wneud yn well. Mae’r Tokaido Shinkansen yn gweithredu hyd at ddeuddeg tr\u00ean yr awr i mewn ac allan o orsaf Tokyo Canolog gyda chwe llwyfan.<\/p>\n

Os bydd y Llywodraeth yn penderfynu cwtogi’r llwybr yn Old Oak Common, rwy’n disgwyl y bydd meddygon sbin yn cyflwyno hyn fel gwelliant gan y bydd yr amser rhwng Llundain-Birmingham yn cael ei leihau o 49 munud o Euston i ddim ond 42 munud o Old Oak Common! Mae hefyd yn wir y bydd Llinell Elizabeth yn darparu capasiti sylweddol i ganol Llundain, gyda deg tr\u00ean yr awr yn dechrau o Old Oak. Mae hon mewn rhai ffyrdd yn sefyllfa well nag yn Euston, lle mai dim ond capasiti cyfyngedig sydd gan y tair Llinell Dan Ddaear ar gyfnodau prysur, hyd yn oed ar \u00f4l caniat\u00e1u ar gyfer yr effaith ar gyfeintiau brig y pandemig a gweithio gartref.<\/p>\n

Mae’r brif broblem yn Old Oak Common yn debygol o fod yn wytnwch \u2013 os bydd Llinell Elizabeth yn cwympo i lawr am unrhyw reswm, bydd teithwyr i bob pwrpas yn cael eu marooned yno heb lawer o ddewisiadau amgen; Mae’r orsaf yn rhy bell i ffwrdd o ganol y ddinas i gerdded fod yn opsiwn realistig ac mae’n eithaf amlwg na fyddai’r rhwydwaith ffyrdd yn gallu ymdopi.<\/p>\n

Mae llai o drenau, wrth gwrs, yn golygu y bydd angen llai o gerbydau ond bydd cost uned pob tr\u00ean yn saethu i fyny wrth i gostau dylunio a sefydlu llinell gynhyrchu gael eu lledaenu dros oddeutu hanner nifer y trenau – rwy’n amau a yw’r mater hwn wedi’i gynnwys eto.<\/p>\n

Rwyf wedi fy mherswadio y dylid adeiladu’r rheilffordd drwyddi draw i Euston, am resymau capasiti llwybrau a gwytnwch, er y gallaf ddeall y temtasiwn yn y Trysorlys i wneud Old Oak Common yn derminws parhaol. Ymhellach i’r gogledd, credaf yn gryf y dylid cwblhau Cam 2A, Birmingham i Crewe, ac anobaith ynghylch yr oedi i’r adran hon. Mae’n rhan gymharol rad o’r llwybr a byddai’n caniat\u00e1u arbedion amser teithio defnyddiol i’r Gogledd Orllewin a’r Alban. Mae Cam 2A hefyd yn darparu manteision capasiti mawr, oherwydd hebddo, byddai trenau cyflym yn dod oddi ar y rheilffordd newydd yn taro’r mannau pinsio ar unwaith wrth y gyffordd fflat yn Colwich, y rhan ddwy drac oddi yno tuag at Stafford a’r gyffordd fflat yn Stafford. Ymhell o ryddhau capasiti ar gyfer cludo nwyddau, heb Gam 2A, bydd HS2 mewn gwirionedd yn lleihau’r<\/em> capasiti ar gyfer cludo nwyddau ar y rhan hon o’r llwybr.<\/p>\n

Fodd bynnag, mewn perygl o bost casineb, rwy’n credu na ddylid bwrw ymlaen \u00e2’r rhan Crewe i Fanceinion o leiaf, am y tro. Mae’r llwybr yn ddrud, gyda thwnnel hir o dan faestrefi deheuol y ddinas a gwaith enfawr ym Manceinion Piccadilly, sy’n teimlo o bosibl fel Isel-Euston. Hefyd, ni fyddai’n cario llawer o drenau. Hyd yn oed gyda’r gwaith adeiladu drwodd i Euston, byddai cyfiawnhad dros dri thr\u00ean yn Llundain yr awr yn realistig. Efallai hefyd y byddai dau dr\u00ean Birmingham-Manceinion yr awr, er bod lefel y galw am y gwasanaethau hyn yn wan gan mai dim ond i deithwyr canol y ddinas y byddent yn cario canol y ddinas heb arosfannau canolradd. Mae’r M6 yn llawn tagfeydd ond does dim llawer o geir yn mynd o’r Bull Ring i Gerddi Piccadilly.<\/p>\n

Ac eto, os aiff Euston yn ei flaen, credaf y dylid adeiladu cymal Dwyrain Canolbarth Lloegr. Fel Cam 2A, mae’r adran hon yn gymharol rhad (er bod “cymharol rhad” yn eiriau od i’w cysylltu ag unrhyw beth sy’n ymwneud \u00e2 HS2!) a byddai’n cynhyrchu amseroedd teithio cyflymach i Nottingham, Derby a Sheffield; Byddai hefyd yn darparu defnydd gwirioneddol ddefnyddiol o rywfaint o’r capasiti ar adran graidd Llundain \u2013 Birmingham o’r llwybr.<\/p>\n

Mewn byd rhesymegol, byddai adolygiad difrifol o’r prosiect, gan ystyried yr holl ffactorau a drafodwyd uchod a dod i benderfyniad sy’n cynnwys y costau cyfalaf wrth sicrhau’r budd mwyaf posibl o’r hyn a adeiladwyd. Ond ni fu trafod HS2 erioed yn rhesymol, ac rwy’n amau ein bod yn wynebu uwch weinidogion sy’n ystyried y diwydiant rheilffyrdd fel twll du ariannol ac, mewn un achos, mae’n well gennym deithio mewn hofrennydd.<\/p>\n

Fel troednodyn, yn gynnar ym mis Medi fe wnaeth HS2 Ltd drympio ei fod wedi “Derbyniodd wobr uwch Platinwm gan y Sefydliad Siartredig Caffael a Chyflenwi fel rhan o’i Rhaglen Rhagoriaeth Caffael, un o ddim ond 17 sefydliad yn fyd-eang i ennill yr achrediad ar y lefel hon.”<\/em> Nid oes gennyf unrhyw syniad a oedd hyn yn deilyngdod ai peidio ond honni bod y cwmni yn unrhyw fath o arweinydd byd-eang mewn unrhyw beth yn wrth-reddfol.<\/p>\n

chrisjstokes@btopenworld.com<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Y broblem sylfaenol gyda HS2 yw bod ei gostau cyfalaf y tu hwnt i reolaeth. Mae’r Prif Weinidog a’r Canghellor yn pwyso tuag at y farn, os na allwch fforddio’r twll, roi’r gorau i gloddio. Mae’n ymddangos bod costau Seilwaith eithriadol o uchel yn broblem arbennig o Brydeinig. Mae Britain Remade – gr\u0175p ymgyrchu o […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":5766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chris-stokes-cy"],"yoast_head":"\nCostau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cy_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Y broblem sylfaenol gyda HS2 yw bod ei gostau cyfalaf y tu hwnt i reolaeth. Mae’r Prif Weinidog a’r Canghellor yn pwyso tuag at y farn, os na allwch fforddio’r twll, roi’r gorau i gloddio. Mae’n ymddangos bod costau Seilwaith eithriadol o uchel yn broblem arbennig o Brydeinig. Mae Britain Remade – gr\u0175p ymgyrchu o […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cogitamus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Chris Stokes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Chris Stokes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Chris Stokes\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0\"},\"headline\":\"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\"},\"wordCount\":1268,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/09\\\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"Chris Stokes\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cy-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\",\"name\":\"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/09\\\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cy-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/09\\\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/09\\\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":750},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/chris-stokes-cy\\\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\",\"name\":\"Cogitamus\",\"description\":\"think. plan. do.\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cy-GB\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0\",\"name\":\"Chris Stokes\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cy-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Chris Stokes\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/cogitamus.co.uk\\\/cy\\\/author\\\/chris-stokes-2\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","og_locale":"cy_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus","og_description":"Y broblem sylfaenol gyda HS2 yw bod ei gostau cyfalaf y tu hwnt i reolaeth. Mae’r Prif Weinidog a’r Canghellor yn pwyso tuag at y farn, os na allwch fforddio’r twll, roi’r gorau i gloddio. Mae’n ymddangos bod costau Seilwaith eithriadol o uchel yn broblem arbennig o Brydeinig. Mae Britain Remade – gr\u0175p ymgyrchu o […]","og_url":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","og_site_name":"Cogitamus","article_published_time":"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":750,"url":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Chris Stokes","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Chris Stokes","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus"},"author":{"name":"Chris Stokes","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy#\/schema\/person\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0"},"headline":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2","datePublished":"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus"},"wordCount":1268,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1","articleSection":["Chris Stokes"],"inLanguage":"cy-GB"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","url":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus","name":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2 - Cogitamus","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1","datePublished":"2023-09-25T11:04:44+00:00","dateModified":"2023-09-25T13:12:37+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy#\/schema\/person\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cy-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy-GB","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1","width":1000,"height":750},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/chris-stokes-cy\/hs2-yn-amlygu-problem-prydain-o-seilwaith-costus#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Costau seilwaith uchel Prydain wrth wraidd heriau HS2"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy#website","url":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy","name":"Cogitamus","description":"think. plan. do.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cy-GB"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy#\/schema\/person\/f06e599e6e1dd73b9fb777e32a30e2f0","name":"Chris Stokes","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cy-GB","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/712d6cae9f8565d07403db102d47fe17f27c5dd55b79a85dbf81bff01c259387?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Chris Stokes"},"url":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/author\/chris-stokes-2"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cogitamus.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/HS2.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5771","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5771"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5771\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5778,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5771\/revisions\/5778"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5771"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5771"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cogitamus.co.uk\/cy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5771"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}